How is cargo unloaded from an aircraft?
1. Loading and Unloading Standards
1) Handle cargo with care and respect.
2) Strictly adhere to the "three no's" in loading and unloading: large cargo should not be placed on top of small cargo, heavy cargo should not be placed on top of light cargo, and wood should not be placed on top of paper.
3) Strictly follow the instructions on the outer packaging of the cargo and stack the cargo in a concentrated manner.
4) Prepare the appropriate pallets, container pallets, boxes, and cargo cards for the corresponding airline; mixing is prohibited.
5) Before assembling the cargo, remove any debris and water from the empty pallets, boxes, and cards.
6) Containerized cargo must be covered with a layer of plastic tarpaulin provided by the airline on the container pallet.
7) Do not force or squeeze, roll, or throw cargo; ensure no cargo is underloaded or misloaded.
8) Cargo palletizing and box assembly must strictly follow the technical parameters provided by each airline to ensure the cargo's center of gravity is balanced. Cargo loading must be tight and safe; it is strictly forbidden for any cargo to extend beyond the pallet or box.
9) Inspect all cargo awaiting loading and design a cargo assembly plan.
10) Load large and heavy cargo onto pallets; load smaller, lighter cargo into individual containers. All shipments should be packed together on one container whenever possible.
11) Stack cargo compactly, with minimal gaps.
12) The volume should not exceed two-thirds of the container's capacity. For single items weighing over 150 kg, secure them with straps.
13) Cargo with metal bottoms and heavy cargo with small bottom areas must be placed on pallets.
14) Small items loaded on pallets should ideally be placed among other cargo or secured to prevent them from slipping through the mesh. Generally, these items should not be assembled into low-profile cargo.
15) The container must be kept balanced. Heavy cargo is strictly prohibited from being loaded onto protruding parts of the container.
16) After loading, cover the pallets with netting and then with the plastic tarpaulin provided by the airline.
17) When using a large pallet to load two small boxes, the protruding parts must face inwards from both sides. When using a small pallet to load boxes, the box lid must face left or right after loading. If the box lid latch is damaged and cannot be secured, it must be secured with rope.
18) Separate cargo from airport, Shenzhen Airlines, and China Southern Airlines shipments and implement linked loading for the same flight. When linked, the following standards apply: no more than 4 pallets/boxes on a large pallet, no more than 5 on a small pallet, and no more than 6 on a cargo truck.
2. Loading Standards
1) Operate according to the loading and unloading standards in 1.1.
2) For cargo under 5KG per piece, it is strictly forbidden to exceed the cargo truck enclosure. For large cargo exceeding the cargo truck enclosure, at least 1/3 must be within the enclosure. 3) AB Card Height Limit: Goods must not exceed 30 cm above the card surface;
Weight Limit: Single card weight not exceeding 1 ton;
CZ Card Height Limit: Goods must not exceed 10 cm above the card surface;
Weight Limit: Single card weight not exceeding 1.2 tons;
ZH Card Height Limit: Goods must not exceed 10 cm above the card surface;
Weight Limit: Single card weight not exceeding 1 ton.
4) Goods must be covered with tarpaulins in rainy weather. Different types of tarpaulins are strictly prohibited from being mixed. Damaged tarpaulins must be reinforced.
3. Introduction to Containers
a. Characteristics of Container Transportation
1) Reduces cargo loading time and improves work efficiency.
2) Replacing loose cargo loading with container transportation reduces ground waiting time.
3) Reduces cargo turnover and improves integrity.
4) Reduces errors and accidents and improves transportation quality.
5) Saves on packaging materials and costs. 6) Facilitates the organization of combined transport and door-to-door services.
b. Container Identification Code (hereinafter referred to as Identification Code)
1) The Identification Code is a code stipulated by IATA that indicates the type, specifications, and owner of a container.
2) The Identification Code is one of the pieces of information used in aircraft loading and unloading, ground operations, information transmission, control, marketing, and settlement.